Cottonseed oil , soybean oil tallow and lard are the principal fats used in shortenings , however , no natural fat possesses all of the desired characteristics .

棉籽油、大豆油、猪油、牛羊脂是用作起酥油的主要油脂。可是，没有哪种天然的油脂具备所有我们所要求的特性。

When the researchers used a blend of the rice bran oil and soybean oil at a ration of 1:1.5 they obtained a blend they considered to be harder than commercial shortenings , and therefore this was the seen as the optimum blend .

当研究人员将米糠油和在大豆油以1:1.5的比例混合所得到的混合物，比商业起酥油硬度更好，因此是目前所看到最合适的混合比例。

" Enzymatic inter-esterification of highly saturated fully hydrogenated soybean oil with solid rice bran oil can be used as an alternative for partial hydrogenation to produce trans-free hard fat stock which is suitable for higher melting shortenings , " concluded the researchers .

研究人员总结说，“高饱和完全氢化大豆油和米糠固脂油，经过酶作用交酯化产物能够代替部分氢化物生产无反式脂肪硬脂，无反式脂肪硬脂适用于制作高熔点的起酥油。”

Eric gustafson , the third-generation manager of a family-run maker of lards and shortenings , says that " if vernon were not a city we wouldn 't be here , " and " if we 're forced to move , we 're not staying in this state . "

一个生产猪油和酥油的家族企业的第三代经理埃里克古丝塔森（ericgustafson）表示：“如果弗农不是一座城市，那我们就不会在这里”，而“如果我们被迫搬走，我们将不会待在加州”。