1. 起源于;来自;由…造成
    If a condition or problem stems from something, it was caused originally by that thing.

stem在线翻译

    e.g. All my problems stem from drink...
           我所有的问题都源于酗酒。
    e.g. Much of the instability stems from the economic effects of the war.
           不稳定局面多半是由战争对经济的影响造成的。

2. 阻止;遏制;制止
    If you stem something, you stop it spreading, increasing, or continuing.

    e.g. Austria has sent three army battalions to its border with Hungary to stem the flow of illegal immigrants...
           奥地利已派出 3 个营的兵力去本国和匈牙利交界的边境地区阻止非法移民的流入。
    e.g. The authorities seem powerless to stem the rising tide of violence...
           当局似乎无力阻止愈演愈烈的暴力活动。

3. (植物的)秆，茎，梗
    The stem of a plant is the thin, upright part on which the flowers and leaves grow.

    e.g. He stooped down, cut the stem for her with his knife and handed her the flower.
           他弯下腰，用刀替她将花茎割断，然后将花递给她。

4. (酒杯的)颈，柄脚
    The stem of a wine glass is the long thin part which connects the bowl to the base.

5. (烟斗)柄
    The stem of a pipe is the long thin part through which smoke is sucked.

    e.g. He chewed the stem of his pipe and eyed her sceptically.
           他嘴里衔着烟斗柄，满腹狐疑地打量着她。

6. (语法中的)词干
    In grammar, the stem of a word is the main part of it, which does not change when the ending changes.

7. 从船首到船尾
    If something happens from stem to stern on a boat, it involves the whole of the boat.

    e.g. A South African television report said the ship was ablaze from stem to stern.
           南非一则电视新闻报道称，那艘船从头到尾都着了火。